suberize

Suberize is a verb that describes the process by which plant tissues, particularly bark, become suberized. This process involves the formation of suberin, a complex biopolymer that is a major component of cork. Suberin is a waxy substance primarily composed of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and phenolic compounds, which are cross-linked and often deposited in cell walls. The deposition of suberin occurs in layers, typically within the cell walls of phellem cells, which are a type of cork cambium cell.

The primary function of suberization is to provide a protective barrier for the plant. This barrier is effective against water loss, mechanical injury, and the invasion of pathogens. The waxy nature of suberin makes it impermeable to water and gases, which is crucial for preventing desiccation, especially in woody plants exposed to dry conditions. Furthermore, suberized tissues act as a defense mechanism, physically blocking the entry of bacteria, fungi, and insects. The development of suberin is a continuous process as the plant grows and the outer layers of bark are replaced.