strålkaraktäristiken

Strålkaraktäristiken describes the directional distribution of radiated power from an antenna. It essentially tells us how well an antenna transmits or receives signals in different directions. This characteristic is typically visualized using a radiation pattern, which is a graphical representation of the antenna's performance in three-dimensional space.

There are two main types of radiation patterns: the main lobe and side lobes. The main lobe represents the direction of maximum radiation or reception, indicating where the antenna is most effective. Side lobes are smaller lobes that radiate power in directions other than the main lobe. Ideally, an antenna would have a single, strong main lobe and no side lobes, but this is rarely achievable in practice.

Key parameters derived from the strålkaraktäristiken include directivity, which measures how concentrated the radiation is in a particular direction, and beamwidth, which defines the angular width of the main lobe. Understanding the strålkaraktäristiken is crucial for selecting the appropriate antenna for a specific application, such as wireless communication systems, radar, or satellite broadcasting. It influences factors like signal strength, interference levels, and coverage area. The pattern can be further analyzed in terms of horizontal and vertical planes to provide a more detailed understanding of the antenna's performance.