streptophytes

Streptophytes are a monophyletic group of green algae and land plants. This means that all streptophytes share a common ancestor, and all descendants of that ancestor are included in the group. The defining characteristic of streptophytes is their shared evolutionary history, leading to certain similarities in their cellular structure, biochemical processes, and genetic makeup. While the term "streptophytes" is primarily used in botanical and evolutionary contexts, it encompasses a vast diversity of life forms, from microscopic aquatic algae to towering terrestrial trees.

Within the streptophytes, the land plants, or embryophytes, represent a significant evolutionary innovation. These are organisms that developed adaptations allowing them to survive and reproduce on land, such as cuticles to prevent water loss, vascular tissues for transport, and specialized reproductive structures. The green algae, on the other hand, are a paraphyletic group that includes the ancestors of land plants. They are primarily aquatic organisms, though some can be found in moist terrestrial environments. The study of streptophytes is crucial for understanding the origins of plant life on Earth and the diversification of plant forms.