streptokok
Streptococcus, in some contexts referred to as streptokok, is a genus of Gram-positive cocci that typically form chains. They are facultative anaerobes and commonly inhabit the human mouth, throat, skin, and gut as part of the normal microbiota. Several species cause human disease, ranging from mild to life-threatening infections.
Classification relies on hemolysis patterns on blood agar and Lancefield grouping. The most clinically important are
Common illnesses include strep throat, impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas, otitis media, pneumonia, meningitis, and endocarditis. Invasive infections
Diagnosis is based on clinical signs supported by laboratory tests; rapid antigen detection tests or throat
Prevention focuses on hygiene to reduce transmission. For GBS, prenatal screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis help