stratovulcão

Stratovulcan, also known as a composite volcano, is a tall, conical volcano characterized by steep sides and a concave profile. These volcanoes are built by many layers, or strata, of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash. The name "composite" refers to the combination of different materials ejected during eruptions.

Stratovulcans are typically found at convergent plate boundaries, where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another (subduction zones). As the subducting plate descends into the Earth's mantle, it melts, creating magma that rises to the surface. This magma is often viscous and rich in silica, leading to explosive eruptions.

The eruptions of stratovulcans are often violent and can produce pyroclastic flows, which are fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic debris. They can also generate ash clouds that can travel thousands of kilometers and cause significant disruption to air travel and the climate. Despite their destructive potential, stratovulcans are also responsible for creating fertile soils due to the breakdown of volcanic ash over time.

Famous examples of stratovulcans include Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Vesuvius in Italy, and Mount St. Helens in the United States. Their imposing presence and the dramatic history of their eruptions make them subjects of both scientific study and public fascination.