steatorrhei

Steatorrhea is a medical condition characterized by the presence of excessive fat in the feces. This results in stools that are typically pale, bulky, foul-smelling, and greasy, often floating in the toilet bowl due to the high fat content. The appearance of steatorrhea is a sign that the digestive system is not properly absorbing fats from the food consumed.

Several underlying conditions can lead to steatorrhea. Malabsorption syndromes are a common cause, including celiac disease, where the small intestine is damaged by gluten, and Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease. Pancreatic insufficiency, where the pancreas does not produce enough digestive enzymes, such as in cystic fibrosis or chronic pancreatitis, is another significant cause. Bile acid deficiency, often resulting from liver disease or blockages in the bile ducts, can also impair fat digestion and absorption. Certain medications and surgical procedures affecting the digestive tract can also contribute to steatorrhea.

Diagnosing steatorrhea involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Specific laboratory tests are used to confirm the presence of excess fat in the stool, such as a quantitative fecal fat test. Identifying and treating the underlying cause is crucial for managing steatorrhea. Treatment strategies will vary depending on the diagnosis and may include dietary modifications, enzyme replacement therapy, or medications to address the specific medical condition.