stdpairint

std::pair<int> is a generic template class in the C++ Standard Library, specifically part of the `<utility>` header. It is designed to represent a simple pair of values, typically of different types, allowing them to be stored and manipulated as a single unit. While not explicitly named `std::pairint`, the concept often refers to an instance of `std::pair` where both elements are of integer type, such as `std::pair<int, int>`.

The `std::pair` template is widely used in C++ for grouping two heterogeneous values, such as coordinates (x, y), key-value pairs in associative containers, or return values from functions requiring multiple results. When both elements are integers, it provides a lightweight way to bundle two values together without creating a custom struct or class.

A `std::pair<int, int>` consists of two public members: `first` and `second`, which hold the respective integer values. These members can be accessed directly or through member functions like `std::get<0>(pair)` and `std::get<1>(pair)` for type safety in more complex scenarios. The class also supports comparison operators (e.g., `==`, `<`), enabling logical comparisons between pairs.

For example, a pair of integers could be declared as follows:

`std::pair<int, int> p = {10, 20};`

Here, `p.first` would be `10`, and `p.second` would be `20`.

While `std::pair` is flexible, it lacks methods for modifying individual elements unless explicitly defined. For more complex use cases, custom structs or `std::tuple` (for more than two values) may be preferable. However, `std::pair<int, int>` remains a fundamental tool in C++ for simple, efficient pairing of integer values.