spotkanych

Spotkanych is a Polish word formed as the past passive participle of the verb spotkać, meaning "encountered" or "met." It functions as an adjective or participial modifier that describes something that has been met or encountered. In use, it commonly appears with nouns in the genitive plural, and it can appear in other cases when the noun it modifies requires a different grammatical ending.

In terms of morphology, spotkanych is the genitive plural form of spotkany, the masculine personal past passive participle. This form is typical when the noun it accompanies is in genitive plural, or when the participle appears in a prepositional phrase that governs the genitive. For example, in the sentence “Wśród spotkanych na konferencji uczestników była grupa naukowców” the phrase spotkanych modifies uczestników, which is in genitive plural. The participle agrees with the noun in number and case.

Usage and nuance: spotkanych conveys that the referenced entities have been met or encountered at some point in the past. It is widely used in written Polish, such as journalism, travel writing, and narrative prose, to describe groups of people or objects that have been encountered. It can be contrasted with spotkany (masculine singular) or spotkani (masculine personal plural) when referring to individuals or items in different grammatical contexts.

See also: spotkać, spotykać, spotkanie, participles in Polish grammar.