sp2tüüpi

sp2tüüpi refers to a specific type of chemical bond. It describes a hybridization state of an atom, typically carbon, where it is bonded to two other atoms and has a double bond to one of them. In this sp2 hybridization, one s atomic orbital and two p atomic orbitals combine to form three sp2 hybrid orbitals. These three orbitals lie in a plane and are oriented at 120-degree angles to each other. The remaining unhybridized p atomic orbital is perpendicular to this plane.

This sp2 hybridization is crucial for the formation of double bonds, which are common in organic molecules. When an sp2 hybridized atom forms a double bond with another atom, one of the bonds is a sigma bond formed by the overlap of hybrid orbitals, and the other is a pi bond formed by the side-by-side overlap of the unhybridized p orbitals. This pi bond is weaker than the sigma bond and is responsible for the characteristic reactivity of alkenes and aromatic compounds. Molecules containing sp2 hybridized atoms often exhibit planar geometry around the hybridized center, contributing to the overall shape and properties of the molecule. Examples of molecules with sp2 hybridized carbon atoms include ethene, benzene, and carbonyl groups.