solidstateinorganic

Solidstateinorganic, often referred to as solid-state inorganic chemistry or solid-state materials science, refers to the study of inorganic compounds and materials in the solid phase, emphasizing crystal structure, phase relations, defect chemistry, and structure–property relationships. It encompasses synthesis, processing, characterization, and modeling of materials whose properties arise from long-range order, including ceramics, intermetallics, and inorganic frameworks. The field overlaps with inorganic chemistry, solid-state physics, and materials science.

Common material families include oxides (perovskites, titanates, ferrites, spinels), nitrides, sulfides, halides, and chalcogenides, as well as intermetallics and porous frameworks such as zeolites and metal–organic frameworks. These materials underpin electronics, catalysis, energy storage, and optics.

Synthesis and processing rely on high‑temperature solid‑state reactions, ceramic fabrication, mechanochemical methods, and thin‑film deposition. Characterization uses X-ray diffraction for structure, electron microscopy for morphology, solid‑state NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopy for local environments, and impedance spectroscopy for transport properties.

Research focuses on phase diagrams, defect chemistry, dopant effects, and microstructure–property relationships. Key properties include ionic and electronic conductivity, magnetism, ferroelectricity, superconductivity, and catalytic activity, as well as optical responses in absorbers and emitters.

Historically, the field grew from mineralogy and ceramics and matured with advances in crystallography, solid‑state physics, and materials characterization, contributing to modern functional materials and technologies.