separar

Separar is a Spanish transitive and intransitive verb meaning “to divide,” “to part,” or “to separate.” Its infinitive form derives from the Latin verb *separare*, composed of *se-* (apart) and *parare* (to prepare). In contemporary usage, separar can refer to physical separation, such as dividing objects, as well as abstract contexts, including the separation of ideas, responsibilities, or people.

As a regular -ar verb, separar follows standard conjugation patterns across moods and tenses. In the present indicative, its forms are separo, separas, separa, separamos, separáis, separan. The preterite forms are separé, separaste, separó, separámos, separasteis, separaron, while the imperfect includes separaba, separabas, separaba, separábamos, separabais, separaban. The verb also appears in reflexive constructions (separarse), indicating mutual or self‑directed separation, as in “Los hermanos se separaron después de la discusión.” The gerund is separando, and the past participle is separado, which functions as an adjective meaning “separated” or “detached.”

Separar is employed in a range of lexical and idiomatic expressions. In legal contexts, *separación* denotes marital separation, while in scientific literature it may refer to the process of isolating components (e.g., “separar los elementos químicos”). The verb also appears in compound forms such as *des‑separar* (to undo a separation) and *re‑separar* (to separate again). Its versatility makes it a common and essential verb in both everyday speech and formal registers of the Spanish language.