säteilyaltistukselta

Säteilyaltistukselta refers to exposure to radiation. This can encompass a broad range of electromagnetic radiation, from non-ionizing forms like radio waves and microwaves to ionizing radiation such as X-rays, gamma rays, and alpha and beta particles. The effects of radiation exposure on living organisms depend on several factors, including the type of radiation, the dose received, the duration of exposure, and the part of the body exposed.

Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and molecules, which can damage DNA and other cellular structures. This damage can lead to a variety of health effects, ranging from increased risk of cancer to acute radiation sickness at very high doses. Non-ionizing radiation, while less energetic, can also have effects, particularly at high intensities, such as heating of tissues.

Sources of radiation exposure are numerous. Natural sources include cosmic radiation from space and terrestrial radiation from naturally occurring radioactive elements in the Earth's crust. Human-made sources include medical procedures like X-rays and CT scans, nuclear power plants, and radioactive materials used in industry.

Efforts to minimize säteilyaltistukselta are based on the principles of time, distance, and shielding. Reducing the time spent near a radiation source, increasing the distance from it, and using protective materials like lead or concrete can significantly lower exposure levels. Regulatory bodies establish dose limits for workers and the general public to ensure safety.