röntgendifrakt

Röntgendifraktion is a non-destructive analytical technique used for determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal. It relies on the phenomenon of diffraction, where X-rays are scattered by the electrons of the atoms in a crystalline material. When a beam of monochromatic X-rays strikes a crystal, the atoms within the crystal lattice act as scattering centers. Due to the orderly arrangement of atoms in a crystal, these scattered X-rays interfere with each other. Constructive interference occurs when the scattered waves are in phase, leading to distinct diffraction spots or patterns. The angles at which these diffractions occur are dependent on the spacing of the atomic planes within the crystal, as described by Bragg's Law. By analyzing the positions and intensities of these diffraction spots, scientists can deduce information about the crystal's lattice parameters, unit cell dimensions, and the arrangement of atoms within it. This technique is widely applied in fields such as materials science, chemistry, physics, and geology for identifying crystalline substances, determining crystal structures, and characterizing the properties of materials. Common applications include phase identification, purity analysis, and studying solid-state reactions.