referenciagravitáció

Referenciagravitáció, a term derived from Portuguese, translates to "reference gravity" in English. It pertains to a standard or conventional value of gravitational acceleration used for comparative purposes in scientific and engineering contexts. Instead of using the precise, locally varying gravitational acceleration, a standardized reference value is often adopted for consistency and ease of calculation. This reference value is typically based on an idealized or average gravitational field.

The concept is particularly relevant in fields like geophysics, metrology, and astronautics. In geophysics, it can be used as a baseline for measuring local gravitational anomalies. In metrology, it might be employed when calibrating gravimeters or other instruments that measure gravitational forces. Astronautics sometimes uses reference gravity to describe the gravitational conditions on celestial bodies, providing a common point of comparison for different planets, moons, or asteroids.

The standard acceleration due to gravity, often denoted as g₀ or g_n, is a commonly used reference gravity value. Its conventional value is 9.80665 meters per second squared (m/s²), or 980.665 cm/s². This value was established by the 13th General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1901. While actual gravitational acceleration can differ significantly from this reference value due to factors like latitude, altitude, and local geological density, the reference gravity provides a stable and universally understood benchmark for scientific discourse and measurement.