reconstitute

Reconstitute is a verb that means to restore something to its previous or original form, condition, or composition by combining components or adding substances such as water, solvents, or other materials. The term is used in several fields to describe the process of bringing a product, preparation, or sample back into a usable or functional state after partial loss or removal of its active or intended constituents.

Etymology traces to the Latin prefix re- (again) and constituere (to set up or place). In English, reconstitute has been used since the late medieval period to describe restoring something to its proper form, whether a physical object, a chemical mixture, or a biological preparation.

In food and nutrition, reconstitution commonly refers to restoring a dehydrated or powdered product to a liquid or semi-liquid form by adding a specified amount of water or other liquid. Examples include powdered milk, soup mixes, and instant beverages. Instructions typically specify the volume of diluent, mixing method, and any required waiting or temperature conditions to achieve the intended texture and flavor.

In medicine and pharmaceuticals, reconstitution describes adding a diluent to a dry powder or concentrate to prepare a solution for administration. Proper reconstitution requires following prescribed diluent type and amount, noting compatibility and stability, and often using aseptic technique. Some medications have limited shelf life after reconstitution and must be used promptly.

In scientific research and biotechnology, reconstitution can refer to restoring biological activity by rehydrating lyophilized materials, reassembling protein complexes, or incorporating components into membranes or other systems. The process depends on the material’s chemical stability and the appropriate buffer, temperature, and handling conditions.