ravinnot

Ravinnot is the Finnish term for nutrients, the substances required by living organisms to maintain metabolism, growth, and health. In nutritional science, nutrients are commonly divided into macronutrients and micronutrients.

Macronutrients provide energy or serve as major structural components: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and water. Carbohydrates and fats supply energy; proteins provide amino acids for tissue synthesis and repair; water is essential for hydration and numerous metabolic reactions.

Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals, required in smaller amounts. They act as enzyme cofactors, support metabolism, immunity, and bone health. Vitamins are organic compounds with fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (B group, C) categories. Minerals such as iron, calcium, and zinc support oxygen transport, bone structure, and enzyme function.

Essential nutrients are those that the body cannot synthesize in adequate amounts and must be obtained from the diet. This set includes several essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, and most vitamins and minerals.

Bioavailability describes how well a nutrient can be absorbed and utilized. It is influenced by factors such as gut health, the food matrix, processing, and interactions with other nutrients.

Ravinnot are considered in dietary planning to ensure balance and adequacy, supporting growth, energy, and long-term health. While intake recommendations vary by age, sex, and life stage, the aim is a varied, nutrient-dense diet with appropriate energy intake.

See also: nutrition, diet, essential nutrient, deficiency.