quillon

Quillon is the crossguard of a sword or dagger—the metal bar or bars extending from the grip to protect the hand from the blade and to aid control of the weapon. In most Western swords, quillons project horizontally in opposite directions, though some designs feature a single quillon or multiple protrusions. They may be straight, curved, or hooked, and their shape often reflects the blade type and period.

The primary function of quillons is defensive: to block or deflect blows and to prevent the wielder’s hand from coming into contact with the blade. Some quillons also provide leverage for manipulating an opponent’s blade or for trapping a weapon during a parry. Beyond protection, the design of the quillon can influence balance and handling.

Quillons vary widely by era and weapon class. Early medieval swords tended to have simple straight crossguards, while later period swords and flamboyant rapiers adopted more elaborate guards, including swept, rounded, or knuckle-bow configurations. Dagger quillons are typically shorter but serve the same protective purpose.

Etymology: The term quillon is of French origin and has been used in English since the 16th century. See also crossguard and hilt for related sword components.