pööriseline

Pööriseline is an Estonian term that translates to "whirlwind" or "vortex" in English. It is most commonly used in a meteorological context to describe a rapidly rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. These phenomena are often associated with intense weather systems.

The formation of a pööriseline typically requires specific atmospheric conditions, including instability, moisture, and wind shear. Wind shear, the change in wind speed or direction with height, is particularly crucial as it can initiate the spinning motion within the atmosphere. As a thunderstorm develops, this rotating air can become tilted vertically and stretched, leading to a more organized and intense vortex.

While the term pööriseline can broadly refer to any rotating column of air, it is frequently used interchangeably with "tornado" or "waterspout" depending on the location and environment. A waterspout, for instance, is essentially a tornado that forms over water. The intensity of a pööriseline can vary greatly, from weak and short-lived to powerful and destructive. Understanding the conditions that lead to their formation is a key area of study in meteorology to improve forecasting and public safety.