põhiõppes

Põhiõppes refers to the core curriculum or fundamental education in Estonia. It is a mandatory part of the Estonian education system designed to provide all students with a common set of knowledge, skills, and values. The curriculum covers a range of subjects considered essential for further education and active participation in society.

The goal of põhiõppes is to ensure a broad educational foundation. It typically includes subjects such as Estonian language and literature, mathematics, natural sciences (biology, physics, chemistry), social sciences (history, geography, civics), foreign languages, arts, physical education, and technology. The specific content and learning outcomes are defined by national curriculum documents, which are regularly updated to reflect societal needs and educational research.

Põhiõppes is usually completed over nine years, from the first grade to the ninth grade, in basic schools or gymnasiums. Successful completion of this stage is a prerequisite for entering upper secondary education, which can lead to vocational training or academic pathways. The emphasis is on developing critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and a lifelong learning attitude, preparing students for the challenges and opportunities of the modern world.