päikeseluainehaiguse

Päikeseluinehaigus, also known as solar urticaria, is a rare photosensitivity disorder characterized by the development of urticarial lesions upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The condition is believed to be caused by an abnormal reaction of the skin to sunlight. When skin is exposed to specific wavelengths of UV light, typically UVB and/or UVA, a substance within the skin is thought to be altered, leading to the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators. This release triggers the characteristic hives, itching, and burning sensations.

The onset of symptoms is usually rapid, occurring within minutes to hours after sun exposure. The affected areas are typically those exposed to sunlight, such as the face, arms, and neck. Lesions can vary in size and appearance, often resembling typical hives. While solar urticaria can significantly impact quality of life due to the need to avoid sun exposure, it is not a life-threatening condition. Diagnosis is often made through a history of symptoms and phototesting, where controlled exposure to UV light confirms the skin's abnormal reaction. Treatment focuses on minimizing sun exposure through protective clothing, sunscreen, and by gradually increasing tolerance to sunlight through phototherapy under medical supervision. Antihistamines may also be used to manage symptoms.