prostaglandinsmolecules

Prostaglandins are a group of lipids made at sites of tissue damage or infection that are involved in dealing with injury and illness. They are derived enzymatically from fatty acids, most notably arachidonic acid. Prostaglandins have diverse hormone-like effects in mammals. They are synthesized in most tissues and organs.

Prostaglandins are involved in a wide range of physiological processes. These include inflammation, fever, pain sensitization, blood flow regulation, and blood clotting. They play a crucial role in the reproductive system, influencing ovulation, menstruation, and labor. In the digestive system, they help protect the stomach lining from acid.

The synthesis and action of prostaglandins are targets for many pharmaceutical drugs. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin and ibuprofen work by inhibiting the enzymes that produce prostaglandins, thereby reducing inflammation and pain. Other medications specifically target certain types of prostaglandins to treat conditions such as glaucoma, erectile dysfunction, and premature labor. Research continues to explore the therapeutic potential of prostaglandins and their related compounds for various diseases.