prokázaly

Prokázaly is a past tense form of the Czech verb prokázat. It is used with feminine plural subjects to indicate that something was proven or demonstrated in the past. As a perfective verb, prokázat denotes completion of the action of proving or establishing something.

In usage, prokázat typically appears in formal or written contexts, including science, law, journalism, and scholarship, where evidence or conclusions are stated as having been established. The form prokázaly corresponds to third person plural past tense for feminine subjects (for example, ony prokázaly…, meaning they (feminine) proved or demonstrated). The related masculine plural form is prokázali, and the masculine or mixed-gender past tense would not use prokázaly. Present and future forms appear as prokazují, prokáží, and other indicative forms of the imperfective or perfective aspect, depending on intended nuance.

Related concepts include the imperfective counterpart prokazovat, which conveys repeated or ongoing proving rather than a single completed act. The choice between prokázat and prokazovat affects aspect and nuance: prokázat emphasizes a completed proof, while prokazovat emphasizes the process of proving.

Examples:

- Důkazy prokázaly její vinu. (The evidence proved her guilt.)

- Výsledky testů prokázaly správnost hypotézy.

Overall, prokázaly is a specific, grammatically defined past-tense form used to report that a feminine plural subject has proven something, with typical use in formal Czech prose.