preciso

Preciso is a word in Portuguese with multiple related meanings and grammatical functions. As an adjective, it means exact, precise, or accurate, describing things that are correct, well-defined, or clear in measurement, detail, or reasoning. It also carries the sense of being necessary or required in certain contexts, as in phrases about obligation or necessity. As a verb form, preciso is the first-person singular present indicative of the verb precisar, meaning “I need” or “I require.” The impersonal phrase “é preciso” means “it is necessary.”

Etymology and related terms help situate the word within Portuguese. Preciso derives from Latin prāecīsus, related to the idea of cutting away uncertainty to reveal a precise result. The related noun is precisão (precision), used to discuss the quality or degree of exactness. Adverbs form forms like precisamente (precisely).

Usage notes and examples illustrate the range of meanings. As an adjective: “um relógio preciso” (a precise/accurate watch), “uma resposta precisa” (a precise answer). When used with “É preciso,” the word expresses necessity: “É preciso terminar o relatório hoje” (It is necessary to finish the report today). The phrase “preciso de” introduces a need: “Eu preciso de mais informações” (I need more information). Agreement is gender- and number-sensitive: preciso/precisa, precisos/precisas.

In summary, preciso functions mainly as an adjective meaning precise or necessary, and as a verb form meaning “I need.” Its related noun is precisão, and its common uses cover measurement, description, and expressions of obligation or need.