pralidoksimilla

Pralidoxime, often referred to by its brand name 2-PAM, is a medication used to reverse the effects of organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates are a class of chemicals found in many insecticides and nerve agents. They work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is crucial for breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. When acetylcholinesterase is inhibited, acetylcholine builds up in the nervous system, leading to overstimulation of muscles and glands, which can cause symptoms like muscle twitching, excessive salivation, sweating, and difficulty breathing.

Pralidoxime functions as an acetylcholinesterase reactivator. It binds to the organophosphate molecule that is attached to the enzyme, essentially freeing the enzyme to resume its normal function. This allows acetylcholine levels to return to normal, alleviating the symptoms of poisoning. Pralidoxime is most effective when administered shortly after exposure to the organophosphate, as the bond between the organophosphate and the enzyme can become stronger over time, making it harder to break. It is typically given in conjunction with atropine, another medication that blocks the effects of excess acetylcholine at its receptors, providing immediate symptom relief while pralidoxime works to restore enzyme function. Pralidoxime is administered intravenously or intramuscularly and is considered an essential medication for treating organophosphate poisoning.