posturografi

Posturografi, or posturography, is a set of techniques for quantifying human postural control and standing balance by measuring body sway and neuromuscular responses to perturbation. It typically records the center of pressure (CoP) trajectory, sway velocity, and amplitude using a force platform or motion capture system.

Static posturography involves having a person stand on a force plate under varying sensory conditions to assess baseline balance and how the body weights sensory inputs. Common conditions include eyes open versus closed and different surface stabilities (firm surface or foam) to challenge proprioceptive information.

Dynamic posturography uses movable supports or visual perturbations to elicit balance reactions and quantify corrective strategies. Standardized protocols may include the Sensory Organization Test, Motor Control Test, and Adaptation Test, which together evaluate how the nervous system integrates sensory inputs and executes motor responses.

Clinical use: Posturography is used to evaluate patients with dizziness or vertigo, vestibular dysfunction, neuropathies, stroke, Parkinson's disease, and age-related balance impairment. It supports diagnosis, risk assessment for falls, and monitoring of rehabilitation progress.

Interpretation and limitations: The data provide objective measures of postural control but must be interpreted in the clinical context. Normative values vary with age and equipment; results can be affected by fatigue, footwear, and cognitive load. It is typically used as a complement to bedside balance tests.

Availability and scope: Posturography is widely used in clinics and research to quantify balance control and to study mechanisms of postural control. It does not replace functional assessments but offers valuable insight into sensory weighting and motor strategy.