postgr

Postgr is an informal shorthand for PostgreSQL, a major open-source relational database management system. PostgreSQL originated in the 1980s as POSTGRES at the University of California, Berkeley, and was renamed PostgreSQL to reflect its support for SQL. It is developed by a global community and released under the PostgreSQL License, a permissive open-source license.

Its architecture emphasizes reliability and extensibility. PostgreSQL provides multi-version concurrency control (MVCC), full ACID compliance, and robust transactional guarantees. It supports a wide range of data types, including JSON and JSONB, arrays, hstore, and user-defined types. The query planner and executor optimize complex queries, and the system offers various index types (B-tree, GiST, GIN, BRIN) for different workloads. The extension mechanism allows users to add functionality without altering core code.

Deployment and replication options include streaming replication for high availability and logical replication for selective data distribution. Point-in-time recovery and standby servers complement disaster recovery strategies. A large ecosystem of extensions exists, with PostGIS providing geospatial capabilities and many extensions for full-text search, time-series, and analytics. Client support covers many programming languages and tools such as psql, pg_dump, and pgAdmin.

Postgr is widely used for online transaction processing, analytics, and mixed workloads. Its governance model and active development cycle contribute to its long-term stability, making it a common choice for enterprises, startups, and public-sector projects alike.