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polyborate

Polyborates are a class of inorganic polymers consisting of boron-oxygen units linked by shared oxygen atoms to form extended networks. They can be solid crystalline materials or solvated species in aqueous solution. In polyborates, boron is present predominantly in three-coordinate [BO3] triangles and four-coordinate [BO4] tetrahedra; these units connect through B–O–B bridges, producing one-dimensional chains, two-dimensional sheets, or three-dimensional frameworks. The specific connectivity depends on synthesis conditions such as temperature, concentration, pH, and the presence of counterions or ligands.

In solution, polyborate species arise by condensation of boric acid and borate units under alkaline conditions

Polyborates are related to simpler borate species, including metaborates, diborates, and orthoborates, but collectively denote higher-order

and
can
exist
as
various
anionic
clusters;
in
solids,
polyborate
motifs
are
stabilized
by
metal
cations,
giving
a
wide
range
of
crystalline
borates.
The
architecture
of
polyborate
networks
influences
properties
such
as
acidity,
optical
behavior,
and
thermal
stability;
they
are
of
interest
as
precursors
to
borosilicate
glasses
and
ceramic
materials,
and
as
models
for
studying
boron-oxygen
chemistry.
condensations
with
extended
B–O
frameworks.
They
occur
in
natural
and
synthetic
systems,
and
their
study
informs
the
design
of
boron-containing
materials
with
tailored
properties.