polní

Polní is a Czech adjective meaning field-related or pertaining to the field, outdoor settings, or temporary, improvised conditions. It derives from the noun pole, field, and is widely used in various compound terms to denote something designed for or occurring in a field or camp environment. The word is used across several registers, from military and humanitarian contexts to everyday language.

Common usages include polní kuchyně (field kitchen), polní nemocnice (field hospital), and polní cvičení (field exercise or field training). These terms describe facilities or activities that are temporary or mobile, typically set up away from permanent infrastructure. Other typical combinations are polní stan (field tent), polní pošta (field post), and polní práce (field work). In scientific and agricultural contexts, polní can modify terms referring to outdoor or on-site work and experiments, as in polní výzkum or polní experiment.

In linguistic terms, polní is part of a family of Slavic adjectives meaning “field-related.” Cognates appear in other languages, such as Russian polevoy and Polish polowy, reflecting shared etymology from the root for field. The adjective is productive in Czech for describing temporary, outdoor, or mobile arrangements, and contrasts with terms referring to indoor or permanent facilities.