poliomüeliit

Poliomüeliit, commonly known as polio, is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. It primarily affects children under five years old. The virus spreads through contaminated food and water, or direct contact with infected feces. In most cases, polio infection causes no symptoms or mild symptoms that are difficult to distinguish from other illnesses, such as the flu. However, in a small percentage of cases, the virus invades the nervous system and can cause paralysis, often affecting the legs. This paralysis can be permanent and, in severe cases, can affect the muscles needed for breathing.

There is no cure for polio, but it is preventable through vaccination. The polio vaccine, administered in multiple doses, is highly effective in preventing the disease. Global efforts to eradicate polio through widespread vaccination campaigns have been largely successful. As of the early 21st century, polio has been eliminated from most parts of the world. However, the virus still circulates in a few countries, and continued vaccination efforts are crucial to achieve global eradication and prevent potential outbreaks. Early symptoms can include fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck and legs, and muscle pain. If paralysis occurs, it typically appears within days of infection and can progress rapidly.