poligini

Poligini is the Italian term used to denote polygyny, a form of polygamy in which a man has two or more wives at the same time. The corresponding term for the female side is polyandry, and together they fall under the broader concept of polygamy. Monogamy refers to a single spouse. Polygyny has appeared in many cultures historically and remains present in certain contemporary societies. Its occurrence is often linked to wealth, kinship structure, religious or customary law, and social norms. In patrilineal communities, polygyny can be facilitated by practices such as bride price, arranged marriage, or the ability of men to support larger households; conversely, it can also arise from migration patterns or demographic imbalances.

The social and economic implications of polygyny are varied and debated. Some studies associate it with greater household resources in some contexts, while others point to potential disadvantages for wives, such as reduced autonomy or increased competition among co-wives. Fertility patterns, child well-being, and gender dynamics can be affected, but results differ across societies and time periods.

Legally, polygyny is restricted or banned in many countries, while in others it is recognized under customary or religious law or allowed with conditions. In places where it is illegal, individuals may practice it informally or face legal penalties related to bigamy.

In biology, polygyny also describes a mating system where a single male mates with multiple females, found in various animal species and contrasted with polyandry and monogamy.