polifarmacía

Polifarmacía, also known as polypharmacy, refers to the concurrent use of multiple medications by a single patient. While the exact definition can vary, it is generally considered the use of five or more medications regularly. This practice is particularly common in older adults due to the increased likelihood of having multiple chronic conditions that require pharmacological treatment.

The reasons for polypharmacy are multifaceted. It can arise from the management of several distinct diseases, each with its own prescribed therapy. It can also result from a lack of coordination between different healthcare providers, leading to redundant or conflicting prescriptions. Furthermore, patients may self-medicate or use over-the-counter drugs alongside their prescribed medications, contributing to polypharmacy.

While polypharmacy can be a necessary component of managing complex health issues, it carries significant risks. These include an increased likelihood of adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions, medication non-adherence, and higher healthcare costs. The burden on the patient can also be substantial, involving complex dosing schedules and a greater potential for confusion.

Addressing polypharmacy often involves a comprehensive medication review by a healthcare professional. This process aims to identify unnecessary medications, potential interactions, and opportunities to simplify the regimen. Strategies such as deprescribing, where the careful removal of a medication is considered, are increasingly employed to mitigate the risks associated with polypharmacy and improve patient outcomes.