pohjoisemmissa

Pohjoisemmissa is a Finnish inessive plural form of the adjective pohjoisempi, meaning “in more northern locations or conditions.” It is used to describe places, climates, or situations that are more northward relative to a reference point. The form typically accompanies a plural noun in the inessive case, as in pohjoisemmissa oloissa, meaning “in more northern conditions.”

Etymology and grammar: The base is pohjois-, derived from pohjoinen (northern). The comparative suffix -empi forms pohjoisempi (more northern). The inessive plural ending -issa/-issä yields pohjoisemmissa, so the full phrase expresses “in more northern [contexts].” Vowel harmony and Finnish inflection rules govern the final form, which appears with nouns that are plural and inessive.

Usage: Pohjoisemmissa is common in geographic, climatologic, ecological, and anthropological writing, as well as in travel descriptions and comparative studies. It is used to contrast northern regions or conditions with less northern ones, without specifying a particular noun every time.

Examples:

- Tutkimus tehtiin pohjoisemmissa oloissa.

- Kasvien kasvunopeus oli hitaampi pohjoisemmissa oloissa kuin etelämpänä.

Notes: Pohjoisemmissa should not be confused with the superlative pohjoisimmat or other forms that indicate the northernmost. Pohjoisemmissa refers to a relative degree of northernness and requires a plural noun in the inessive to complete the expression.