podtwardówkowe

Podtwardówkowe is a Czech term referring to a medical condition involving fluid accumulation below the dura mater, the outermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. This space, known as the subdural space, normally contains a thin layer of cerebrospinal fluid. When an abnormal amount of fluid collects there, it can put pressure on the brain or spinal cord.

This condition can arise from various causes. Traumatic head injuries, even minor ones, can lead to subdural hematomas (blood collections) or hygromas (collections of cerebrospinal fluid). Nontraumatic causes include certain medical conditions that affect fluid balance, infections, or complications following surgery. The onset of symptoms can be sudden, particularly after a significant injury, or gradual, developing over weeks or months, especially in cases of chronic subdural hematoma.

Symptoms of podtwardówkowe vary depending on the size of the fluid collection and the pressure it exerts. They may include headaches, nausea, vomiting, confusion, changes in personality, weakness in limbs, or seizures. In infants, signs can include a bulging fontanelle, irritability, and poor feeding. Diagnosis typically involves neuroimaging techniques such as CT scans or MRI. Treatment depends on the cause, size, and symptoms of the fluid collection and may range from observation to surgical intervention, such as drainage of the fluid.