pluricellulars

Pluricellulars, also known as multicellular organisms, are living beings composed of more than one cell. This stands in contrast to unicellular organisms, which consist of a single cell. The cells in a pluricellular organism are typically differentiated, meaning they have specialized functions that contribute to the overall survival and reproduction of the organism. This specialization allows for greater complexity and efficiency in biological processes compared to unicellular life.

The evolutionary transition from unicellular to pluricellularity was a significant event in the history of life, occurring independently multiple times. Pluricellularity enables organisms to achieve larger sizes, develop complex tissues and organs, and exploit a wider range of ecological niches. Examples of pluricellular organisms are vast and include all plants, animals, and fungi, as well as many types of algae.

The development of pluricellularity involves intricate mechanisms of cell adhesion, communication, and coordination. Cells must work together, often relying on intercellular signaling pathways to regulate their behavior and ensure the proper functioning of the whole organism. This collective behavior is fundamental to the existence of complex life forms.