pkr

PKR is the ISO currency code for the Pakistani rupee, the official currency of Pakistan. It is issued by the State Bank of Pakistan and subdivided into 100 paisa. The symbol commonly used is Rs or ₨. The PKR operates under a managed floating exchange rate, with the central bank occasionally guiding the rupee through monetary policy and market interventions. The rupee has a history dating to 1948 when Pakistan introduced its own currency after independence, replacing the Indian rupee at par.

PKR also refers to Parti Keadilan Rakyat, a major political party in Malaysia founded in 1999 as a reformist party and allied with opposition coalitions such as Pakatan Harapan. The party advocates multi-ethnic democratic reforms, social justice, and anti-corruption measures. It has participated in coalition governments at federal and state levels at various times and plays a prominent role in Malaysian politics.

PKR also stands for protein kinase R, an interferon-inducible serine/threonine kinase encoded by the EIF2AK2 gene. Activated by double-stranded RNA, PKR phosphorylates eIF2α, leading to inhibition of translation and suppression of viral replication. It participates in signaling pathways related to innate immunity, apoptosis, and cellular stress, and it has been studied in contexts such as antiviral defense and cancer.