pistonpumppu

A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump that utilizes a reciprocating piston within a cylinder to move fluids. The piston moves back and forth, creating a vacuum that draws fluid into the cylinder and then pushing it out to the discharge port. This action is achieved through a mechanism that converts rotary motion into linear motion, typically a crankshaft and connecting rod.

Piston pumps are characterized by their ability to generate high pressures and handle viscous fluids. They are often used in applications where precise flow control or high discharge pressures are required. The operation involves two primary phases: the suction stroke and the discharge stroke. During the suction stroke, the piston retracts, increasing the volume of the cylinder and creating a lower pressure, which draws fluid in through an inlet valve. As the piston moves forward on the discharge stroke, it reduces the cylinder volume, forcing the fluid out through an outlet valve. Check valves are crucial components that ensure the fluid flows in the correct direction, opening on their respective strokes and closing to prevent backflow.

Single-acting piston pumps operate with one active piston stroke per revolution, while double-acting pumps have two active strokes per revolution, drawing fluid in and discharging it on both the forward and backward movement of the piston. This results in a more continuous flow. Materials used in piston pump construction vary depending on the fluid being pumped and the operating conditions, with common materials including cast iron, stainless steel, and various polymers. Their robustness and efficiency make them suitable for a wide range of industrial and domestic applications, including water supply, oil pumping, and hydraulic systems.