pistonmoottori

Pistonmoottori is the Finnish term for a reciprocating engine, commonly known in English as a piston engine or reciprocating engine. This type of internal combustion engine converts the pressure of expanding combustion gases into linear motion of a piston, which is then typically converted into rotational motion by a crankshaft. Pistonmoottori are widely used in various applications, including automobiles, motorcycles, aircraft, ships, and industrial machinery.

The fundamental principle of a pistonmoottori involves a cylinder containing a movable piston. The combustion cycle, most commonly the four-stroke cycle (intake, compression, power, exhaust) or the two-stroke cycle, drives the piston's movement. During the power stroke, the ignition of a fuel-air mixture creates high pressure that pushes the piston down. This linear force is transferred through a connecting rod to a crankshaft, causing it to rotate.

Key components of a pistonmoottori include the cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, valves (in four-stroke engines), and a mechanism for ignition, such as a spark plug in gasoline engines or compression ignition in diesel engines. Different fuel types, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and natural gas, can be used, leading to variations in engine design and operation. The efficiency and power output of a pistonmoottori are influenced by factors such as engine displacement, compression ratio, and the number of cylinders.