petrográfiai
Petrográfiai, or petrography, is the branch of geology that describes and interprets rocks by examining their mineral composition, texture, and fabric. The practice relies on optical mineralogy and thin-section analysis, typically using a petrographic microscope to study rocks in transmitted light with polarized light. Through thin sections, geologists identify minerals, determine their arrangement, understand crystal sizes and shapes, pleochroism, birefringence, and extinction angles, and infer how the rock formed and evolved.
Rock types are investigated across the igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary categories. Petrography uses classification schemes such
Historically, petrography developed in the 19th century with advances in optical mineralogy and the routine use
Applications span academic research, mineral exploration, petrology, and engineering geology, where rock description supports interpretation of