perovskitové

Perovskite refers to a mineral with a specific crystal structure, named after Russian mineralogist L. A. Perovski. The general chemical formula for perovskite is ABX3, where A and B are cations and X is an anion. The most common naturally occurring perovskite mineral is calcium titanate, CaTiO3.

This crystal structure is of significant interest in various scientific fields due to its versatility. Materials with the perovskite structure exhibit a wide range of properties, including piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity, superconductivity, and catalytic activity. These properties make perovskite compounds highly valuable for applications in electronics, energy storage, and catalysis.

Synthetic perovskites have been developed that incorporate a vast array of elements, leading to materials with tunable electronic and optical properties. For instance, halide perovskites, which often contain organic cations, have emerged as promising materials for solar cells due to their excellent light absorption and charge transport capabilities. They are also being explored for use in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors.

The stability and toxicity of certain perovskite materials, particularly halide perovskites, are areas of ongoing research and development to ensure their practical and safe implementation in commercial technologies. The unique ABX3 structure allows for significant flexibility in material design, enabling scientists to engineer specific functionalities for diverse technological demands.