perikardi

Perikardi refers to the pericardium, a double-layered sac that surrounds the heart. The outer layer, the fibrous pericardium, is a tough, protective sac made of dense connective tissue. It anchors the heart in place and prevents overfilling. The inner layer, the serous pericardium, is a thinner, smoother membrane. It is further divided into two layers: the parietal layer, which lines the fibrous pericardium, and the visceral layer, which adheres directly to the heart's surface, also known as the epicardium. Between these two layers of the serous pericardium is the pericardial cavity, a potential space containing a small amount of pericardial fluid. This fluid acts as a lubricant, reducing friction as the heart beats. Perikardi plays a crucial role in protecting the heart from infection and trauma, and in maintaining its position within the chest cavity. Inflammation of the pericardium is known as pericarditis, and conditions affecting the pericardial sac can impact cardiac function. The anatomical structure and function of the perikardi are fundamental to understanding the overall health of the cardiovascular system.