pericytákat

Pericytes are a unique population of cells found in close association with capillaries and other small blood vessels throughout the body. They are embedded within the basement membrane of these vessels, wrapping around the endothelial cells that form the vessel wall. This strategic positioning allows pericytes to play a crucial role in regulating blood flow and maintaining vascular integrity.

Historically, pericytes were often overlooked or considered merely structural support cells. However, modern research has revealed a much broader range of functions. They are now known to be involved in angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, and in the stabilization of newly formed vessels. Pericytes can differentiate into other cell types, including smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, contributing to tissue repair and remodeling.

Furthermore, pericytes are integral components of the blood-brain barrier, a highly selective barrier that protects the central nervous system from harmful substances circulating in the blood. Their presence and function are vital for maintaining the unique properties of this barrier. Dysfunctional pericytes have been implicated in various diseases, including diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer, highlighting their importance in both health and disease.