passivációt

Passzivációt is a Hungarian term that translates to passivation in English. It refers to a process in electrochemistry and materials science where a material becomes less reactive. This typically occurs when a protective layer forms on the surface of the material. For metals, this protective layer is often an oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide film.

The most common example of passivation is the formation of a thin, adherent, and inert oxide layer on the surface of stainless steel. This oxide layer, primarily chromium oxide, prevents further corrosion of the underlying metal, even in aggressive environments. Other metals like aluminum and titanium also readily passivate, forming stable oxide layers that provide corrosion resistance.

Passivation can be a spontaneous process, occurring naturally when the material is exposed to the environment. However, it can also be induced through specific chemical treatments, such as immersion in oxidizing solutions or electrochemical anodization. The effectiveness of passivation depends on the nature of the material, the surrounding environment, and the composition and integrity of the protective layer.

Understanding and controlling passivation is crucial in many industrial applications. It is vital for maintaining the durability and performance of metallic components used in various sectors, including automotive, aerospace, and chemical processing. Failures in passivation can lead to corrosion and material degradation, necessitating strategies to prevent or reverse such issues.