particularismo
Particularismo is a term used in several academic disciplines, most notably in political science, history, and linguistics, to describe a focus on or adherence to specific, often local or regional, characteristics, interests, or identities, rather than a universal or general principle. In a political context, particularism can refer to policies or actions that prioritize the needs and concerns of a particular group, region, or nation over broader, universal ideals or the interests of other groups. It stands in contrast to universalism, which emphasizes common humanity and shared principles.
Historically, particularism has played a significant role in the development of nation-states, where distinct regional identities