parodontitida

Parodontitida, also known as periodontal disease, is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gum tissue, bone, and ligaments. It is caused by the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, on the teeth, which leads to the formation of tartar. If left untreated, the infection can spread from the gums to the underlying bone, causing tooth loss.

The disease is typically divided into two stages: gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is the early stage, characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums. Periodontitis is the advanced stage, where the infection has damaged the gum tissue and supporting structures, leading to deeper pockets between the teeth and gums, and potential tooth loss.

Risk factors for periodontitis include smoking, diabetes, hormonal changes, poor oral hygiene, and certain medical conditions. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing, are essential for preventing and managing periodontitis. If left untreated, periodontitis can lead to significant health issues, including heart disease, diabetes, and premature birth.

Treatment options for periodontitis vary depending on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may be managed with non-surgical treatments, such as scaling and root planing, while more severe cases may require surgical interventions, such as flap surgery or bone grafting. In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to control the infection. Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing the progression of the disease and maintaining oral health.