paracresol

Paracresol, also known as p-hydroxy toluene or 4-methylphenol, is an aromatic organic compound in which a methyl group is positioned para to a hydroxyl group on a benzene ring. Its chemical formula is C7H8O, and it is one of the cresol isomers.

Physically, paracresol is typically a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic phenolic odor. It boils at about 200 degrees Celsius and is sparingly soluble in water but readily soluble in many organic solvents. Like other phenols, it is a weak acid and can form salts with bases.

Occurrence and production of paracresol occur in both natural and industrial contexts. It is found in coal tar and related products such as creosote, and it is present in trace amounts in some petroleum distillates. Industrially, paracresol is produced and concentrated as a chemical intermediate; it can be obtained through processing of coal-tar fractions or synthesized from toluene derivatives, followed by purification to separate the para isomer.

Uses of paracresol are mainly as an intermediate in the manufacture of a range of chemicals. It serves as a building block for dyes, fragrances, antiseptics, resins, and other phenolic compounds. It may also be used in the production of agrochemicals and specialty chemicals, depending on the required substitution pattern.

Safety and environmental considerations are important for paracresol. It is hazardous if ingested or inhaled, can cause skin and eye irritation, and is toxic to aquatic life. Proper handling, storage, and waste management are required to minimize health and environmental risks.