C7H8O

C7H8O is the molecular formula that, for the most common compound, corresponds to benzyl alcohol (also known as phenylmethanol). Its structure is a benzene ring bearing a CH2OH substituent, giving the formula C6H5CH2OH. The compound has a molecular weight of about 108.14 g/mol and is categorized as an aromatic primary alcohol.

Benzyl alcohol is a colorless, oily liquid with a mild, slightly sweet odor. It is miscible with many organic solvents and is only sparingly soluble in water. Its chemical reactivity is typical of primary alcohols, and it serves as a convenient precursor in numerous syntheses due to the benzylic CH2 group and the hydroxyl functionality.

Industrial production and natural occurrence: benzyl alcohol is produced on a large scale by catalytic hydrogenation of benzaldehyde or by the hydrolysis of benzyl chloride. It also occurs in trace amounts in certain essential oils and in various fruits and plant materials, where it contributes to aroma profiles.

Applications: benzyl alcohol is widely used as a solvent in coatings, inks, and plastics; as a preservative and solvent in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations; and as an intermediate in the manufacture of esters, benzoic acid derivatives, and other chemicals. It is valued for its relatively mild odor, compatibility with many systems, and established handling practices.

Safety and handling: benzyl alcohol is flammable and should be kept away from heat and open flames. It can irritate skin and eyes and may be harmful if inhaled or swallowed. Proper storage, ventilation, and personal protective equipment are recommended when handling the substance.