panikramma

Panikramma is a term originating from the Tamil language, broadly translating to "going around" or "circumambulation." In a religious and cultural context, it refers to the practice of walking or moving around a sacred object, place, or deity in a clockwise direction. This ritualistic act is common in many South Asian religions, particularly Hinduism and Buddhism.

The purpose of panikramma varies. It is often performed to show reverence, seek blessings, or as a form of meditation and spiritual purification. The clockwise direction is considered auspicious, symbolizing the flow of time and life. The number of times one completes the circumambulation can also hold significance, with specific numbers often associated with particular deities or desired outcomes.

Temples and stupas are common sites where panikramma is performed. Devotees typically walk around the inner sanctum of a temple or the base of a stupa, often reciting prayers or mantras as they move. The act is not merely physical but is intended to create a connection between the devotee and the sacred. The specific rituals and customs associated with panikramma can differ between traditions and regions, but the underlying principle of reverential circumambulation remains consistent. It is a widespread and integral part of devotional practices in many cultures.