paclitaxeli

Paclitaxel, also known by its brand name Taxol, is a naturally occurring chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs called taxanes, which are derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia). Paclitaxel works by interfering with the normal breakdown of microtubules, which are essential components of the cell's internal structure and are crucial for cell division. By stabilizing microtubules, paclitaxel prevents cancer cells from dividing and growing, ultimately leading to their death.

Its primary uses include the treatment of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer (both non-small cell and small cell), Kaposi's sarcoma, and pancreatic cancer. Paclitaxel is often administered intravenously. Common side effects can include hair loss, low blood cell counts (leading to increased risk of infection and bleeding), nerve damage (neuropathy) causing pain, numbness, and tingling, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Allergic reactions can also occur, which is why patients are often pre-medicated before receiving paclitaxel. Due to its potent effects, paclitaxel requires careful monitoring by healthcare professionals.