pabarazitë

Pabarazitë is a term used in Albanian to denote disparities or inequalities in the distribution of resources, opportunities, and outcomes among individuals or groups within a society. The word stems from the concept of equality and is commonly used in discussions of socio-economic development.

Pabarazitë can be economic (differences in income, wealth, and consumption), social (education, health, and gender or ethnic disparities), and geographic (urban–rural and regional gaps). They may be persistent over time or intergenerational.

Methods of measurement include the Gini coefficient for income inequality, the Palma ratio, the Theil index, poverty rates, and indicators of access to public services such as health care and education. Analyses rely on household surveys, civil registration, and regional statistics.

Causes include the structure of the economy, labor market segmentation, asset and capital distribution, public policy and institutions, discrimination on grounds of gender, ethnicity, or other characteristics, and historical legacies that affect opportunity.

Policy responses emphasize inclusive growth, social protection, progressive taxation, investments in education and health, rural and regional development, and anti-discrimination measures. The concept is widely used in debates on development policy, welfare state design, and social and economic reform.