p57KIP2

p57KIP2, also known as CDKN1C, is a protein encoded by the CDKN1C gene. It belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) family. These inhibitors play a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle by binding to and inactivating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Specifically, p57KIP2 is known to inhibit CDK1, CDK2, and CDK4 in complex with cyclins, thereby arresting cells in the G1 or G2 phase of the cell cycle.

This protein is particularly important during embryonic development. Its expression is vital for proper organogenesis and tissue development, especially in the limbs, brain, and kidneys. Loss of p57KIP2 function has been linked to various developmental abnormalities. For instance, mutations in the CDKN1C gene can lead to developmental disorders like Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, which is characterized by overgrowth and an increased risk of certain cancers.

Beyond its role in development, p57KIP2 is also recognized for its tumor-suppressive functions. It can act as a barrier to uncontrolled cell proliferation, a hallmark of cancer. Its expression is often downregulated in various types of cancer, suggesting that its loss contributes to tumorigenesis. Research is ongoing to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. p57KIP2's complex regulatory mechanisms and its involvement in both normal development and disease highlight its significance in cell biology.